我们经常使用context.startService()要启动service。下面就来分析这service启动过程，下图是service启动序列图:

step2。mBase.startService()中mBase定义为Context，它的真实实现是ContextImpl对象(看名字就知道是Context的实现类)。

step4，ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().startService()中ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()得到的是ActivityManagerService的代理对象ActivityManagerProxy。

step9。bringUpServiceLocked()中假设service所在进程(android:process属性中声明)已启动。则直接使用realStartServiceLocked()启动service。否则运行step10～step30先启动新进程，新进程的启动过程分析。能够查看 。

step18，mPendingServices.add()中会将这个要启动的service增加到mPendingServices这个待启动列表中，待新进程启动后会取出，在此时，step37中mPendingServices.get(i)。

step39，realStartServiceLocked()真的要启动service了。

step42。scheduleCreateService()要调用Service的onCreate创建service了。

step53。scheduleServiceArgs()调用Service的onStartCommand()运行service。

以下是ActivityThread的代码片段：

private class H extends Handler {        public static final int LAUNCH_ACTIVITY         = 100;        public static final int PAUSE_ACTIVITY          = 101;        public static final int PAUSE_ACTIVITY_FINISHING= 102;        public static final int STOP_ACTIVITY_SHOW      = 103;        public static final int STOP_ACTIVITY_HIDE      = 104;        public static final int SHOW_WINDOW             = 105;        public static final int HIDE_WINDOW             = 106;        public static final int RESUME_ACTIVITY         = 107;        public static final int SEND_RESULT             = 108;        public static final int DESTROY_ACTIVITY        = 109;        public static final int BIND_APPLICATION        = 110;        public static final int EXIT_APPLICATION        = 111;        public static final int NEW_INTENT              = 112;        public static final int RECEIVER                = 113;        public static final int CREATE_SERVICE          = 114;        public static final int SERVICE_ARGS            = 115;        public static final int STOP_SERVICE            = 116;        public static final int REQUEST_THUMBNAIL       = 117;        public static final int CONFIGURATION_CHANGED   = 118;        public static final int CLEAN_UP_CONTEXT        = 119;        public static final int GC_WHEN_IDLE            = 120;        public static final int BIND_SERVICE            = 121;        public static final int UNBIND_SERVICE          = 122;        public static final int DUMP_SERVICE            = 123;        public static final int LOW_MEMORY              = 124;        public static final int ACTIVITY_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED = 125;        public static final int RELAUNCH_ACTIVITY       = 126;        public static final int PROFILER_CONTROL        = 127;        public static final int CREATE_BACKUP_AGENT     = 128;        public static final int DESTROY_BACKUP_AGENT    = 129;        public static final int SUICIDE                 = 130;        public static final int REMOVE_PROVIDER         = 131;        public static final int ENABLE_JIT              = 132;        public static final int DISPATCH_PACKAGE_BROADCAST = 133;        public static final int SCHEDULE_CRASH          = 134;        public static final int DUMP_HEAP               = 135;        public static final int DUMP_ACTIVITY           = 136;        public static final int SLEEPING                = 137;        public static final int SET_CORE_SETTINGS       = 138;        public static final int UPDATE_PACKAGE_COMPATIBILITY_INFO = 139;        public static final int TRIM_MEMORY             = 140;        public static final int DUMP_PROVIDER           = 141;        public static final int UNSTABLE_PROVIDER_DIED  = 142;        public static final int REQUEST_ASSIST_CONTEXT_EXTRAS = 143;        public static final int TRANSLUCENT_CONVERSION_COMPLETE = 144;        public static final int INSTALL_PROVIDER        = 145;        String codeToString(int code) {            if (DEBUG_MESSAGES) {                switch (code) {                    case LAUNCH_ACTIVITY: return "LAUNCH_ACTIVITY";                    case PAUSE_ACTIVITY: return "PAUSE_ACTIVITY";                    case PAUSE_ACTIVITY_FINISHING: return "PAUSE_ACTIVITY_FINISHING";                    case STOP_ACTIVITY_SHOW: return "STOP_ACTIVITY_SHOW";                    case STOP_ACTIVITY_HIDE: return "STOP_ACTIVITY_HIDE";                    case SHOW_WINDOW: return "SHOW_WINDOW";                    case HIDE_WINDOW: return "HIDE_WINDOW";                    case RESUME_ACTIVITY: return "RESUME_ACTIVITY";                    case SEND_RESULT: return "SEND_RESULT";                    case DESTROY_ACTIVITY: return "DESTROY_ACTIVITY";                    case BIND_APPLICATION: return "BIND_APPLICATION";                    case EXIT_APPLICATION: return "EXIT_APPLICATION";                    case NEW_INTENT: return "NEW_INTENT";                    case RECEIVER: return "RECEIVER";                    case CREATE_SERVICE: return "CREATE_SERVICE";                    case SERVICE_ARGS: return "SERVICE_ARGS";                    case STOP_SERVICE: return "STOP_SERVICE";                    case REQUEST_THUMBNAIL: return "REQUEST_THUMBNAIL";                    case CONFIGURATION_CHANGED: return "CONFIGURATION_CHANGED";                    case CLEAN_UP_CONTEXT: return "CLEAN_UP_CONTEXT";                    case GC_WHEN_IDLE: return "GC_WHEN_IDLE";                    case BIND_SERVICE: return "BIND_SERVICE";                    case UNBIND_SERVICE: return "UNBIND_SERVICE";                    case DUMP_SERVICE: return "DUMP_SERVICE";                    case LOW_MEMORY: return "LOW_MEMORY";                    case ACTIVITY_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED: return "ACTIVITY_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED";                    case RELAUNCH_ACTIVITY: return "RELAUNCH_ACTIVITY";                    case PROFILER_CONTROL: return "PROFILER_CONTROL";                    case CREATE_BACKUP_AGENT: return "CREATE_BACKUP_AGENT";                    case DESTROY_BACKUP_AGENT: return "DESTROY_BACKUP_AGENT";                    case SUICIDE: return "SUICIDE";                    case REMOVE_PROVIDER: return "REMOVE_PROVIDER";                    case ENABLE_JIT: return "ENABLE_JIT";                    case DISPATCH_PACKAGE_BROADCAST: return "DISPATCH_PACKAGE_BROADCAST";                    case SCHEDULE_CRASH: return "SCHEDULE_CRASH";                    case DUMP_HEAP: return "DUMP_HEAP";                    case DUMP_ACTIVITY: return "DUMP_ACTIVITY";                    case SLEEPING: return "SLEEPING";                    case SET_CORE_SETTINGS: return "SET_CORE_SETTINGS";                    case UPDATE_PACKAGE_COMPATIBILITY_INFO: return "UPDATE_PACKAGE_COMPATIBILITY_INFO";                    case TRIM_MEMORY: return "TRIM_MEMORY";                    case DUMP_PROVIDER: return "DUMP_PROVIDER";                    case UNSTABLE_PROVIDER_DIED: return "UNSTABLE_PROVIDER_DIED";                    case REQUEST_ASSIST_CONTEXT_EXTRAS: return "REQUEST_ASSIST_CONTEXT_EXTRAS";                    case TRANSLUCENT_CONVERSION_COMPLETE: return "TRANSLUCENT_CONVERSION_COMPLETE";                    case INSTALL_PROVIDER: return "INSTALL_PROVIDER";                }            }            return Integer.toString(code);        }        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {            if (DEBUG_MESSAGES) Slog.v(TAG, ">>> handling: " + codeToString(msg.what));            switch (msg.what) {                case LAUNCH_ACTIVITY: {                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityStart");                    ActivityClientRecord r = (ActivityClientRecord)msg.obj;                    r.packageInfo = getPackageInfoNoCheck(                            r.activityInfo.applicationInfo, r.compatInfo);                    handleLaunchActivity(r, null);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                } break;                case RELAUNCH_ACTIVITY: {                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityRestart");                    ActivityClientRecord r = (ActivityClientRecord)msg.obj;                    handleRelaunchActivity(r);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                } break;                case PAUSE_ACTIVITY:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityPause");                    handlePauseActivity((IBinder)msg.obj, false, msg.arg1 != 0, msg.arg2);                    maybeSnapshot();                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case PAUSE_ACTIVITY_FINISHING:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityPause");                    handlePauseActivity((IBinder)msg.obj, true, msg.arg1 != 0, msg.arg2);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case STOP_ACTIVITY_SHOW:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityStop");                    handleStopActivity((IBinder)msg.obj, true, msg.arg2);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case STOP_ACTIVITY_HIDE:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityStop");                    handleStopActivity((IBinder)msg.obj, false, msg.arg2);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case SHOW_WINDOW:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityShowWindow");                    handleWindowVisibility((IBinder)msg.obj, true);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case HIDE_WINDOW:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityHideWindow");                    handleWindowVisibility((IBinder)msg.obj, false);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case RESUME_ACTIVITY:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityResume");                    handleResumeActivity((IBinder)msg.obj, true,                            msg.arg1 != 0, true);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case SEND_RESULT:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityDeliverResult");                    handleSendResult((ResultData)msg.obj);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case DESTROY_ACTIVITY:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityDestroy");                    handleDestroyActivity((IBinder)msg.obj, msg.arg1 != 0,                            msg.arg2, false);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case BIND_APPLICATION:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "bindApplication");                    AppBindData data = (AppBindData)msg.obj;                    handleBindApplication(data);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case EXIT_APPLICATION:                    if (mInitialApplication != null) {                        mInitialApplication.onTerminate();                    }                    Looper.myLooper().quit();                    break;                case NEW_INTENT:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityNewIntent");                    handleNewIntent((NewIntentData)msg.obj);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case RECEIVER:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "broadcastReceiveComp");                    handleReceiver((ReceiverData)msg.obj);                    maybeSnapshot();                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case CREATE_SERVICE:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "serviceCreate");                    handleCreateService((CreateServiceData)msg.obj);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case BIND_SERVICE:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "serviceBind");                    handleBindService((BindServiceData)msg.obj);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case UNBIND_SERVICE:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "serviceUnbind");                    handleUnbindService((BindServiceData)msg.obj);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case SERVICE_ARGS:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "serviceStart");                    handleServiceArgs((ServiceArgsData)msg.obj);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case STOP_SERVICE:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "serviceStop");                    handleStopService((IBinder)msg.obj);                    maybeSnapshot();                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case REQUEST_THUMBNAIL:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "requestThumbnail");                    handleRequestThumbnail((IBinder)msg.obj);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case CONFIGURATION_CHANGED:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "configChanged");                    mCurDefaultDisplayDpi = ((Configuration)msg.obj).densityDpi;                    handleConfigurationChanged((Configuration)msg.obj, null);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case CLEAN_UP_CONTEXT:                    ContextCleanupInfo cci = (ContextCleanupInfo)msg.obj;                    cci.context.performFinalCleanup(cci.who, cci.what);                    break;                case GC_WHEN_IDLE:                    scheduleGcIdler();                    break;                case DUMP_SERVICE:                    handleDumpService((DumpComponentInfo)msg.obj);                    break;                case LOW_MEMORY:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "lowMemory");                    handleLowMemory();                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case ACTIVITY_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityConfigChanged");                    handleActivityConfigurationChanged((IBinder)msg.obj);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case PROFILER_CONTROL:                    handleProfilerControl(msg.arg1 != 0, (ProfilerControlData)msg.obj, msg.arg2);                    break;                case CREATE_BACKUP_AGENT:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "backupCreateAgent");                    handleCreateBackupAgent((CreateBackupAgentData)msg.obj);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case DESTROY_BACKUP_AGENT:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "backupDestroyAgent");                    handleDestroyBackupAgent((CreateBackupAgentData)msg.obj);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case SUICIDE:                    Process.killProcess(Process.myPid());                    break;                case REMOVE_PROVIDER:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "providerRemove");                    completeRemoveProvider((ProviderRefCount)msg.obj);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case ENABLE_JIT:                    ensureJitEnabled();                    break;                case DISPATCH_PACKAGE_BROADCAST:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "broadcastPackage");                    handleDispatchPackageBroadcast(msg.arg1, (String[])msg.obj);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case SCHEDULE_CRASH:                    throw new RemoteServiceException((String)msg.obj);                case DUMP_HEAP:                    handleDumpHeap(msg.arg1 != 0, (DumpHeapData)msg.obj);                    break;                case DUMP_ACTIVITY:                    handleDumpActivity((DumpComponentInfo)msg.obj);                    break;                case DUMP_PROVIDER:                    handleDumpProvider((DumpComponentInfo)msg.obj);                    break;                case SLEEPING:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "sleeping");                    handleSleeping((IBinder)msg.obj, msg.arg1 != 0);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case SET_CORE_SETTINGS:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "setCoreSettings");                    handleSetCoreSettings((Bundle) msg.obj);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case UPDATE_PACKAGE_COMPATIBILITY_INFO:                    handleUpdatePackageCompatibilityInfo((UpdateCompatibilityData)msg.obj);                    break;                case TRIM_MEMORY:                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "trimMemory");                    handleTrimMemory(msg.arg1);                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);                    break;                case UNSTABLE_PROVIDER_DIED:                    handleUnstableProviderDied((IBinder)msg.obj, false);                    break;                case REQUEST_ASSIST_CONTEXT_EXTRAS:                    handleRequestAssistContextExtras((RequestAssistContextExtras)msg.obj);                    break;                case TRANSLUCENT_CONVERSION_COMPLETE:                    handleTranslucentConversionComplete((IBinder)msg.obj, msg.arg1 == 1);                    break;                case INSTALL_PROVIDER:                    handleInstallProvider((ProviderInfo) msg.obj);                    break;            }            if (DEBUG_MESSAGES) Slog.v(TAG, "<<< done: " + codeToString(msg.what));        }        private void maybeSnapshot() {            if (mBoundApplication != null && SamplingProfilerIntegration.isEnabled()) {                // convert the *private* ActivityThread.PackageInfo to *public* known                // android.content.pm.PackageInfo                String packageName = mBoundApplication.info.mPackageName;                android.content.pm.PackageInfo packageInfo = null;                try {                    Context context = getSystemContext();                    if(context == null) {                        Log.e(TAG, "cannot get a valid context");                        return;                    }                    PackageManager pm = context.getPackageManager();                    if(pm == null) {                        Log.e(TAG, "cannot get a valid PackageManager");                        return;                    }                    packageInfo = pm.getPackageInfo(                            packageName, PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);                } catch (NameNotFoundException e) {                    Log.e(TAG, "cannot get package info for " + packageName, e);                }                SamplingProfilerIntegration.writeSnapshot(mBoundApplication.processName, packageInfo);            }        }    }

这部分代码是ActivityThread的一个内部类H，里面定义了activity、service等启动、销毁等事件的响应，也就是说

activity、service的启动、销毁都是在ActivityThread中进行的。

右键复制图片地址。在浏览器中打开就可以查看大图。

未完待续。有不正确的地方，请指正。

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